Bamboo is a construction material that is both durable and lightweight. It has gained significant attention due to its potential for sustainable construction. With the increasing challenges of climate change and environmental degradation, the need for renewable bio-based building materials has never been more critical. However, harnessing the full potential of Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology in structural design and assessing its environmental impact remains a challenge. This is where Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) steps in. LCA is a powerful tool for comprehensively evaluating the ecological footprint of bamboo structures.

In this blog, we will delve into the concept of LCA and its application to bamboo-based construction, shedding light on the remarkable environmental benefits and hurdles associated with this dynamic material.

Understanding LCA and Parametric LCA

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is an approach used to evaluate the environmental impacts of buildings and structures over their entire lifespan. The LCA methodology is composed of four distinct phases: production and transportation, construction, operational phase, and disposal phase. This process is summarized into four basic steps: defining goals and scope, creating a life cycle inventory, conducting a life cycle impact assessment, and interpreting the results. LCA is an excellent tool for evaluating the environmental impact of processes and structures, and it can provide valuable insights for decision-making.

LCA methodology employs a data-driven approach, which may pose challenges during early design stages. Yet, during these initial phases, this is where the most significant potential for optimizing and reducing greenhouse gas emissions lies. To address this, a simplified approach known as parametric LCA was developed. This method is accessible to a broader audience, including NGOs and humanitarian organizations engaged in sustainable housing projects.

Bamboo as a Construction Material

Before we explore LCA’s role in evaluating bamboo structures, let’s understand why bamboo is hailed as an eco-friendly alternative to conventional building materials. Bamboo is a type of grass that grows at an astonishing rate, reaching maturity within a few years. This rapid growth allows frequent harvesting without depleting the resource, making bamboo a sustainable choice. Moreover, bamboo possesses natural attributes that contribute to its strength, durability, and flexibility, making it suitable for many construction applications. Its impressive strength-to-weight ratio further solidifies its standing as an ideal structural material.

Throughout history, bamboo has been employed as a construction material across various cultures and geographies. From bamboo houses and bridges to furniture and decorative elements, this versatile resource inspires architects and builders worldwide, driven by its sustainability and minimal carbon footprint.

Case Study: Cement-Bamboo Frame Housing Vs. Concrete Construction Systems

To illustrate the practical application of LCA, a recent study compares the Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology employed by BASE with traditional concrete-brick construction systems.

The study conducted using parametric LCA revealed that as the building perimeter increased, emissions rose as well. However, the increase was more abundant in concrete structures due to higher reinforcement requirements, resulting in a more significant increase in overall carbon footprint.

Interestingly, the study noted that the quality of steel has a substantial impact on emissions for concrete structures. Steel and cement go hand in hand with each other when found in typical reinforced concrete buildings; whereas, for bamboo, the usage of steel is very minimal and can only be found at the foundations and connections in the bamboo; it presents only a fraction to that of a typical structure.

Furthermore, the study shows that the Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology could achieve remarkable environmental savings, potentially reducing emissions by up to 60% compared to conventional construction systems.

Challenges and Future Prospects

While LCA proves to be a formidable tool, it isn’t without its challenges, mainly when applied to innovative materials like cement-bamboo composites. Challenges include obtaining precise data, addressing regional variations, and navigating complex LCA software. However, with the advancement of technology and a growing emphasis on sustainable construction, these obstacles are gradually being surmounted.

In the future, innovation and technology will play roles in optimizing bamboo, including cement-bamboo composites, as a building material. Researchers and builders are actively exploring new treatments, designs, and applications to make these materials even more sustainable and durable.

The Life Cycle Assessment of cement-bamboo frame structures and innovative materials such as cement-bamboo composites provide invaluable insights into the environmental impact of construction practices. Bamboo, with its sustainability, combined with LCA’s systematic approach, offers a promising avenue for eco-conscious construction. As we fight climate change, bamboo structures may emerge as key players in building more sustainable structures. For further insights into cement bamboo frame technology, explore our website at www.base-builds.com.
Base Bahay Foundation, Inc (BASE) is the pioneer of the Cement-Bamboo Framework in the Philippines. BASE builds affordable and disaster-resilient structures using bamboo-based technology. Through continuous research in the Base Innovation Center (BIC), BASE is optimizing the technology and looking for new applications outside its standard model. BASE also offers training courses under its Bamboo Academy program to share alternative building technologies, provide further knowledge about bamboo, and engage other institutions in sustainable construction.

As the saying goes “Alone, we can do so little; together, we can do so much.” This holds true for Base Bahay in our conquest of building resilient communities and a sustainable future. We believe that true progress and sustainability can be achieved through collaboration. By forging strong partnerships and working hand in hand with various stakeholders – Local Government Units (LGUs), private institutions, local communities, and like-minded organizations, BASE harnesses collective strength to reduce carbon emission in the construction landscape and build disaster-resilient housing, addressing housing and environmental challenges effectively. This collaborative spirit underscores our commitment to building a better and more sustainable world for all.

Read below how Base Bahay builds these vital partnerships and the transformative effect they have on the communities it serves.

Collaborating with Local Government Units (LGUs)

One of the cornerstones of Base Bahay’s approach is collaboration with LGUs and National Government Agencies. 

1. Aligning Objectives

BASE works closely with LGUs and government agencies to ensure that our initiatives align with local development goals and priorities. This alignment ensures that the benefits of our initiatives are maximized and sustained over the long term, as they become an integral part of the government’s development strategy. 

2. Regulatory Compliance

BASE navigates local regulations and requirements, ensuring that every project adhere to all necessary permits and standards. This collaborative approach fosters transparency and accountability.

3. Community Engagement

Government offices often have invaluable insights into the needs and dynamics of their communities. BASE taps into this knowledge, allowing for tailored and community-driven solutions.

Partnering with Private Institutions

Private institutions play a crucial role in supporting Base Bahay’s mission:

1. Funding Support

Private institutions frequently provide the necessary financial support to bring BASE’s programs into the community. These partnerships facilitate the scaling up of initiatives.

2. Knowledge Sharing

Beyond financial contributions, private institutions also bring expertise and innovation. This can include research, technology, and best practices that enhance projects.

3. Expanding Reach

Collaboration with private institutions extends BASE’s reach and impact. It allows us to undertake larger projects and address housing and sustainability challenges on a broader scale.

Empowering Local Communities

Central to Base Bahay’s mission is our partnership with local communities:

1. Community Engagement

BASE actively engages with communities, ensuring their voices are heard throughout the project cycle. This involvement empowers communities to take ownership of the initiatives.

2. Knowledge Transfer

Through skills training and knowledge sharing, we equip local communities with the tools and knowledge to participate in project implementation and maintenance.

3. Building Resilience

BASE’s projects enhance the resilience of local communities. By constructing disaster-resilient housing and structures, the projects empower communities to withstand environmental challenges.

4. Promoting Sustainability

Base Bahay often employs sustainable building technologies and practices, instilling a sense of environmental stewardship in local communities.

These multifaceted partnerships are the cornerstone of Base Bahay’s success. BASE initiatives go beyond building homes. It also creates resilient communities that are equipped to tackle the challenges of the future. Together with government offices, private institutions, and local communities, Base Bahay is constructing a more sustainable, resilient, and compassionate world where everyone has a safe and sustainable place.

Base Bahay Foundation, Inc (BASE) is the pioneer of the Cement-Bamboo Framework in the Philippines. BASE builds affordable and disaster-resilient structures using bamboo-based technology. Through continuous research in the Base Innovation Center (BIC), BASE is optimizing the technology and looking for new applications outside its standard model. BASE also offers training courses under its Bamboo Academy program to share alternative building technologies and provide further knowledge on bamboo construction. Learn more about BASE projects and initiatives!

Approximately 30 percent of the urban population in Asia-Pacific, which accounts for 570 million people, lives in houses declared as inadequate. This basically means that millions of families are living in unsustainable housing conditions.

Over the past few years, the Asia-Pacific region has also consistently witnessed a high frequency of natural disasters, adversely affecting millions of people by causing loss of life, property, and livelihoods. These recurring calamities underscore the pressing need for resilient housing solutions that can mitigate the devastating impacts of such events.

BASE, as a non-profit organization initiated and supported by the Hilti Foundation, elevates the standard of socialized housing through the Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology (CBFT), an Accreditation of Innovative Technologies for Housing (AITECH) accredited prefabricated frame system.

This technology employs conventional mortar in conjunction with locally sourced bamboo to construct buildings that cater to the requirements of local communities living in regions susceptible to natural disasters.

One of the main objectives of BASE is to provide durable and sustainable housing for communities all over the world using renewable materials.

Application of Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology

The Philippines is known to be one of the most disaster-prone countries in the world and is highly susceptible to seismic risks and frequent typhoons. Consequently, it is crucial that construction technologies employed in the country need to be reliable, durable, and in compliance with the implementing rules and regulations.

To ensure that the housing technology is disaster-resilient, BASE initiated by the Hilti Foundation has worked hand in hand to develop the Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology (CBFT). This alternative building technology has undergone multiple tests in materials, connections, and systems to prove its reliability as a building technology.

This led to a structurally performing, reliable, and durable construction method that is used in housing projects within the Philippines and Nepal. 

Development of the Bamboo Value Chain

Effectively incorporating this innovation, BASE is delivering sustainable, eco-friendly, and disaster-resistant homes to marginalized communities. In collaboration with its partners, BASE has constructed over 1,200 houses in the Philippines. Furthermore, it has extended its global reach through collaborative efforts in Nepal, aimed at constructing environmentally advantageous housing as it currently built over 400 homes.

Currently, BASE has achieved yet another significant milestone by building disaster-resilient structures that yield a greater economic impact, thereby benefiting more individuals with opportunities to support their families.

BASE also provides support to local farmers and bamboo suppliers through this initiative. Previously reliant on seasonal crops, local farmers now engage in year-round bamboo harvesting. In addition, supply partners across the Philippines have received training on bamboo pole treatment for construction purposes.

Due to the ongoing demand for sustainable and resilient housing in Asia-Pacific, the most recent bamboo construction technology holds a promising potential for creating a positive social, environmental, and economic impact. Learn more about cement-bamboo frame technology here at Base.

Base Bahay Foundation, Inc (BASE) is the pioneer of the Cement-Bamboo Framework in the Philippines. BASE builds affordable and disaster-resilient structures using bamboo-based technology. Through continuous research in the Base Innovation Center (BIC), BASE is optimizing the technology and looking for new applications outside its standard model. BASE also offers training courses under its Bamboo Academy program to share alternative building technologies and provide further knowledge on bamboo construction. Learn more about BASE projects and initiatives!

Millions around the world continue to face a significant challenge in obtaining safe and affordable housing due to increasing urbanization, population growth, and environmental issues. Families are compelled to live in substandard conditions in many areas, particularly in developing nations. The Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology seeks to change this narrative by providing a scalable and low-cost solution.

This technology allows for the construction of sturdy and resilient homes at a fraction of the cost of conventional methods. Bamboo, a rapidly renewable resource, serves as the primary building material for the framework, complemented by the structural strength of cement.

The Impact of Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology

The impact of this technology is already being felt in communities around the world. The housing initiatives in Nepal and in the Philippines have adopted the Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology. This has resulted in notable improvements in the quality of life for families and communities. In addition to their economic benefits, these homes also showcase impressive architectural aesthetics, demonstrating the versatility of bamboo as a building material.

The main component of this technology is a prefabricated and sustainable frame system made from treated and load-bearing bamboo. The bamboo is reinforced with metal connections and finished with a mortar-cement plaster. Houses built using this technology demonstrate exceptional durability and resilience, especially in countries susceptible to frequent natural disasters, such as the Philippines.

Benefits of this technology include:

Affordability: The technology focuses on providing cost-effective housing solutions. The widespread availability of bamboo in many regions makes it a cost-effective alternative to traditional building materials such as steel and concrete.

Durability: Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology provides resilient structures. The combination of properly treated bamboo and cement’s compressive strength resulted in buildings that can withstand natural disasters, making them an ideal choice for building resilient communities. Moreover, the technology has been tested rigorously, meeting international safety and quality standards.

Rapid Construction: Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology (CBFT) enables faster construction when compared to conventional methods. Using prefabricated bamboo frames and panels allows for easy on-site assembly, reducing labor costs and construction time.

Sustainable Development: This technology supports sustainable development goals by promoting eco-friendly building materials and practices, aiming to reduce the environmental impact of urbanization. In addition, it also promotes livelihood to the communities.

Community Empowerment: Local communities are also empowered through the creation of jobs and skills development. As the technology becomes more widely adopted, Base Bahay, one of the pioneers of Cement Bamboo Frame Technology, has established the Bamboo Academy. This academy provides training programs and certifications for individuals seeking to enhance their knowledge of CBFT.

The Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology extends beyond a single region. It could transform housing situations in different areas across the globe. Organizations such as BASE Bahay are essential in spreading knowledge about this technology and assisting communities in its effective implementation. Through ongoing research, promoting development, and encouraging the widespread adoption of the Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology, they can empower communities and create a brighter and more sustainable future.

Base Bahay Foundation, Inc (BASE) is the pioneer of the Cement-Bamboo Framework in the Philippines. BASE builds affordable and disaster-resilient structures using bamboo-based technology. Through continuous research in the Base Innovation Center (BIC), BASE is optimizing the technology and looking for new applications outside its standard model. BASE also offers training courses under its Bamboo Academy program to share alternative building technologies and provide further knowledge on bamboo construction. Learn more about BASE projects and initiatives!

When we talk about affordable and disaster-resilient structures, we also think of alternative building technologies that are not only affordable but also durable. BASE promotes the use of bamboo as the main construction material in their bamboo-based technology called Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology (CBFT). Bamboo is one of the most abundant natural products that can be considered sustainable in the Philippines. Its attractive mechanical strength performance and stable supply paved the way for it to be considered the main structural component of CBFT.

The challenge of fire

According to the data released by the Bureau of Fire Protection, it was observed that the recorded fires in the Philippines increased by almost 40 percent last April 2023, compared to the same period the previous year. Houses made of bamboo are also susceptible to this challenge.

Bamboo, the same as other natural-based construction materials, is flammable and can catch fire. Based on the studies by Lu and Chen (2015), bamboo can be burned at a range of 250 °C to 300°C temperature. However, based on a separate study by Gutierrez and Maluk (2020), it was observed that bamboo’s mechanical strength is already affected at 200 °C, losing 80% of its compressive strength, and 30% of its modulus of elasticity. The change in strength due to temperature can be critical when bamboo is used as a structural component of housing or any construction. 

Some existing studies recommend different techniques to protect bamboo against fire. One example is using borax as the fire retardant on bamboo (Yu et al. 2017) and others use charring or the method of partially burning to help extend the burning time of bamboo (Fitriana and Tsai 2017).

Although there are already studies done over the past few years, there is still much to learn to improve the fire resistance of bamboo. As this situation becomes detrimental to the community, BASE is constantly doing research to improve the fire resistance in their CBFT Homes.

BASE’s approach to improving the fire-resistive performance of CBFT

BASE along with the Department of Architecture, SAPPD, Institut Teknologi Bandung, and the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas in Indonesia, collaborated to do their research on enhancing bamboo fire resistance. According to their comprehensive article, houses with plastered flattened bamboo is one of the most affordable construction methodologies that can be used in socialized housing (Tambunan et al. 2022). With the emerging use of CBFT in socialized housing, determining its fire-resistive performance rating is found crucial for research.

Upon assessing the best materials to use, a composite bamboo frame with flattened bamboo (Tad-tad) covered with mortar plastering is one of the best possible options. Mortar made of cement and sand mixture is known to withstand high temperatures. This mortar can be used as protective plastering for the bamboo, to produce the composite cement-bamboo framework of the CBFT. BASE along with institutions in Indonesia tried to test the performance of the mortar layer in protecting bamboo against fire and increasing the fire resistance of the composite bamboo shear wall through actual fire testing. It is observed that one of the main causes of the fire affecting the bamboo inside a composite shear wall is the presence of penetrating cracks in the mortar plastering. If there are no penetrating cracks, and with the optimum plastering thickness of 25 mm to 30 mm, the fire resistance of the tested sample walls can reach up to a 2-hour rating.

Continuous Research and Development

The effectiveness of CBFT in improving the overall performance of bamboo as the main structural component of socialized housing can still be improved by continuous research and development. Exploring how to maintain good quality mortar plastering, as well as consistent workmanship, can play key roles in answering the challenge of fire.

As the pioneer of the Cement-Bamboo Framework in the Philippines, Base Bahay Foundation, Inc (BASE) is dedicated not only to providing affordable and disaster-resilient structures using bamboo-based technology but also to protecting the lives and the properties these structures hold. Through continuous research in the Base Innovation Center (BIC), BASE is determined to optimize its technology and look for new applications outside its standard model. BASE also offers training courses under its Bamboo Academy program to share the alternative building technologies and provide further knowledge on bamboo construction. Learn more about BASE projects and initiatives!

The importance of being eco-friendly has never been more pressing, and Base Bahay Foundation, Inc. (BASE) is an outstanding model of sustainable housing and construction. As an initiative of the Hilti Foundation, BASE is dedicated to providing alternative building technologies that produces quality socialized homes that are comfortable, affordable, disaster-resilient, and environment-friendly with social impact. The use of bamboo-based technology, combined with unique approach to engineering and community building, is a crucial part of BASE’s commitment toward sustainability.

Base Bahay – Revolutionizing Sustainable Housing

BASE’s mission is centered on developing sustainable housing solutions that meet the needs of local communities. It also emphasizes the use of locally grown and renewable materials, making every project environmentally responsible and community-centric. BASE is redefining sustainable housing in the Philippines and beyond by bridging the gap between traditional building techniques and modern innovations.

Sustainable Building with Cement-Bamboo Frame Technology

At the heart of BASE’s sustainable construction lies the cement-bamboo frame technology. This groundbreaking approach combines bamboo’s strength and versatility with cement’s durability, resulting in eco-friendly and structurally sound buildings. The use of bamboo-based technology not only reduces construction carbon footprint but also contributes to the revival of traditional building practices in the Philippines.

BASE’s unwavering commitment to bamboo research and development has positioned the foundation as a leader in the field. It strives to deliver sustainable solutions that benefit the environment and local communities by continuously exploring new ways to optimize this construction marvel.

EDGE Green Building Certification – Raising the Standard for Sustainability

In the quest to further promote sustainable construction, BASE sought to validate its efforts through EDGE Green Building Certification. EDGE (Excellence in Design for Greater Efficiencies) is a globally recognized certification system developed by the International Finance Corporation (IFC), a member of the World Bank Group. EDGE focuses on making buildings more resource-efficient, thus supporting emerging markets like the Philippines.

The EDGE certification aims to reduce energy and water consumption and energy footprint in constructing buildings. By obtaining EDGE certification, BASE has demonstrated its adherence to rigorous sustainability standards. This certification not only enhances its credibility but also attracts investors and partners who share its vision for a greener and more sustainable future.

BASE’s EDGE Certified Experts and Current Projects

BASE has six (6) EDGE Certified Experts: Dr. Pablo Jorillo, Engr. Vembee Gohetia, Ar. Luigee Castillo, Ar. Sheila Mendoza, Ar. Jonalyn Nacino, and Engr. Carlo Cacanando. These professionals play a vital role in ensuring that BASE’s projects meet the stringent requirements of sustainable construction set forth by EDGE.

One notable project that showcases BASE’s commitment to sustainable housing is its collaboration with Linkbuild and Reall. This partnership aims to build 20 housing units in Albay, addressing the region’s housing needs while promoting environmentally friendly practices. Aside from this project, BASE has also constructed community houses and supply and treatment facilities, showcasing its dedication to empowering communities and sustainable housing solutions. 

The Benefits of EDGE Certification

EDGE certification has a multitude of benefits, both for BASE and the communities it serves. By adhering to EDGE’s sustainable design principles, BASE can optimize resource use, reduce energy consumption, and minimize waste. This approach benefits the environment and results in cost savings, making every project more economically viable in the long run.

For homeowners, EDGE-certified homes are built to last for decades, ensuring a wise and long-lasting investment. Beyond financial advantages, these environmentally friendly homes contribute to a greener planet, positively impacting your finances and the environment.

Moreover, EDGE certification sets BASE apart in the competitive construction market, opening doors to potential partners who prioritize sustainability and social impact.

BASE’s dedication to sustainable housing and construction is evident through its innovative use of bamboo-based technology and its commitment to environmentally responsible practices. Its decision to pursue EDGE Green Building Certification further solidifies its role as trailblazer in the industry. With a vision of creating a greener and more sustainable future, BASE is an inspiration to architects, housing advocates, and communities alike.

Base Bahay Foundation, Inc (BASE) is the pioneer of Cement-Bamboo Framework in the Philippines. BASE builds affordable and disaster-resilient structures using bamboo-based technology. Through continuous research in the Base Innovation Center (BIC), BASE is optimizing the technology and looking for new applications outside its standard model. BASE also offers training courses under its Bamboo Academy program to share alternative building technologies, provide further knowledge about bamboo, and engage other institutions in sustainable construction. Learn more about BASE!